Gucuruza neza gasutamo kuri buriweseumusego wubudodoibyoherezwa bisaba kwitondera amakuru arambuye kandi byihuse. Gutanga ku gihe ibyangombwa byose bisabwa, nka fagitire z'ubucuruzi na lisiti yo gupakira, bifasha kurekura imizigo byihuse - akenshi mu masaha 24. Dukurikije igitabo cy’imisoro n’amahoro yo gutumiza muri Amerika & EU, impapuro zuzuye zituma ubukererwe buhenze.

Ibyingenzi

• Tegura inyandiko zuzuye kandi zuzuye nka fagitire zubucuruzi, urutonde rwabapakira, hamwe nicyemezo cyinkomoko kugirango wihutishe ibicuruzwa bya gasutamo kandi wirinde gutinda bihenze.
• Koresha ibicuruzwa bikwiye byo gutondekanya ibicuruzwa (HTS kuri Amerika na CN kuri EU) kandi ukomeze kugezwaho amategeko agenga ubucuruzi kugirango umenye neza imisoro no kubahiriza.
• Korana nabakozi ba gasutamo babimenyereye cyangwa abatwara ibicuruzwa kugirango bayobore impapuro, bayobore amabwiriza, kandi bagabanye amakosa, biganisha ku gutunganya ibicuruzwa byihuse kandi byoroshye.

Nigute Wakwemeza ko gasutamo yoroshye

Intambwe itaziguye yo gutumiza muri Amerika

Abatumiza mu mahanga bifuza kugera kuri gasutamo yoroshye ku musego w’imisego muri silike muri Amerika bagomba gukurikiza inzira zemejwe. Izi ntambwe zifasha kugabanya ubukererwe, kwirinda amande, no kwemeza kubahiriza amategeko yose.

1. Komeza Inyandiko zuzuye
   Abatumiza mu mahanga bagomba gutegura no gutunganya impapuro zose zisabwa, harimo inyemezabuguzi z'ubucuruzi, urutonde rwo gupakira, hamwe n'amafaranga yishyurwa. Inyandiko ikwiye ishyigikira kurekura imizigo byihuse kandi ikabuza kwangwa.

2. Koresha Kode ya HTS
   Kugena kodegisi yukuri ya Harmonised Tarif Gahunda (HTS) kode yimisego yubudodo itanga kubara neza imisoro n'imisoro. Iyi ntambwe kandi ifasha kwirinda ibihano bihenze kubera kubeshya.

3. Koresha umukoresha wa gasutamo
   Abatumiza mu mahanga benshi bahitamo gukorana nabakozi ba gasutamo babimenyereye. Abacunga gucunga inyandiko, kubara imisoro, no kwemeza kubahiriza amategeko yatumijwe muri Amerika. Ubuhanga bwabo bugabanya amakosa kandi butwara igihe cyagaciro.

4. Kora ubugenzuzi mbere yo gutumiza mu mahanga
   Serivisi zindi zishinzwe kugenzura zirashobora kugenzura ibirango byibicuruzwa, ubuziranenge, no kubahiriza amabwiriza y’Amerika mbere yo koherezwa. Iki cyemezo gifasha gifasha gukumira ibibazo kumupaka.

5. Komeza Kumenyeshwa no Gutegura
   Abatumiza mu mahanga bagomba guhora basubiramo ibishya kugirango amategeko n'amabwiriza atumizwa mu mahanga. Bagomba kandi kugenzura abaguzi kugirango bubahirizwe kandi bagumane ibyangombwa kugirango babone uburyo bworoshye mugihe cyo gusuzuma gasutamo.

Inama:Ishami ry'Umuryango w'Abibumbye ryita ku bucuruzi rivuga ko uburyo bwa gasutamo bworoshye bushobora kugabanya ibiciro by'ubucuruzi ku kigereranyo cya 14.3%. Ibigo bishora imari mu ikoranabuhanga no guhugura abakozi akenshi bibona ibihe byihuse kandi byanogeye isoko.

Inganda zikora inganda zerekana inyungu zibi bikorwa. Kurugero, isosiyete mpuzamahanga yashyize mubikorwa gahunda yo gucunga gasutamo ihuriweho kandi igabanya inshuro 30%. Ubucuruzi buciriritse nabwo bwatsinze abashoramari ba gasutamo no gushora imari mu mahugurwa y'abakozi, ibyo bikaba byaratumaga hakorwa igihe kandi bikagura isoko ryabo. Imisoro n'amahoro yo kwinjiza ibicuruzwa bya silike muri Amerika & EU bishimangira ko inyandiko zitondewe, gukoresha ikoranabuhanga, n'amahugurwa ahoraho ari ngombwa kugira ngo gasutamo itangwe neza.

Intambwe itaziguye yo gutumiza mu Burayi

Kuzana umusego w umusego w’ubudodo mu muryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi bisaba gusobanukirwa neza imikorere ya gasutamo y’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi. Abatumiza mu mahanga barashobora koroshya inzira bakurikiza izi ntambwe zitaziguye:

1. Shyira ibicuruzwa neza
   Abatumiza mu mahanga bagomba gukoresha kode ikomatanyirijwe hamwe (CN) kode yimisego yubudodo. Gutondekanya neza bituma gusuzuma neza inshingano no kubahiriza amabwiriza y’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi.

2. Tegura Inyandiko Zingenzi
   Inyandiko zisabwa zirimo inyemezabuguzi yubucuruzi, urutonde rwabapakira, na fagitire yinguzanyo cyangwa fagitire yumuhanda. Abatumiza mu mahanga nabo bagomba gutanga ibyemezo byinkomoko niba basaba ibiciro byigiciro.

3. Iyandikishe kuri numero ya EORI
   Umuntu wese utumiza mu bihugu by’Uburayi agomba kubona nimero y’abakozi bashinzwe ubukungu no kwiyandikisha (EORI). Abayobozi ba gasutamo bakoresha iyi nimero mugukurikirana no gutunganya ibicuruzwa.

4. Kurikiza Amabwiriza y’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi
   Umusego w umusego wubudodo ugomba kuba wujuje ibirango byuburayi hamwe nubuziranenge bwumutekano. Abatumiza mu mahanga bagomba kugenzura ko ibicuruzwa byose byerekana fibre iboneye, amabwiriza yo kwita, hamwe nigihugu bakomokamo.

5. Tekereza Gukoresha Gasutamo cyangwa Kohereza ibicuruzwa
   Abatumiza mu mahanga benshi bishingikiriza ku bakora umwuga wa gasutamo cyangwa abatwara ibicuruzwa kugira ngo bagende ku mabwiriza akomeye ya EU. Aba banyamwuga bafasha gucunga inyandiko, kubara inshingano, no kwemeza kubahiriza.

Icyitonderwa:Raporo ya Banki y'Isi ikora ubucuruzi 2020 yerekana ko iterambere mu bikorwa bya gasutamo, nk'urubuga rwa interineti ndetse n'ibyangombwa byikora, byatumye mu bihugu byinshi byemerwa vuba. Gukoresha ikoranabuhanga, nkibikoresho bya elegitoroniki yo gucunga ibicuruzwa, bigabanya amakosa kandi bitezimbere.

Mugukurikiza izi ntambwe, abatumiza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga barashobora kugabanya ibyago byo gutinda, ibiciro biri hasi, kandi bakemeza ko abaguzi b’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi bagemura neza. Gucunga neza gasutamo ntabwo bigabanya gusa ingaruka zo kutubahiriza amategeko ahubwo binongera inyungu zo guhatanira gutanga ibicuruzwa ku gihe.

Imisoro n'amahoro yo kwinjiza ibicuruzwa bya silike muri Amerika & EU

Gusobanukirwa Kode ya HS / HTS ya Silk Pillowcase

Buri mutumiza mu mahanga agomba gutangirana nibicuruzwa bikwiye. Sisitemu ya Harmonized (HS) hamwe na Harmonized Tariff Gahunda (HTS) ikora nk'ishingiro ryo kubara imisoro n'imisoro. Ku musego w umusego wubudodo, kode isanzwe ya HS ni 6302.29, itwikiriye imyenda yigitanda cyibikoresho bitari ipamba cyangwa fibre yakozwe n'abantu. Muri Reta zunzubumwe za Amerika, abatumiza mu mahanga bakoresha code ya HTS, ihuza na sisitemu mpuzamahanga ya HS ariko ikubiyemo imibare yinyongera kugirango ishyirwe mubikorwa neza.

Gutondekanya neza byemeza ko abayobozi ba gasutamo bakoresha igipimo gikwiye cy’amahoro. Kudashyira mu gaciro birashobora gutuma ibicuruzwa bitinda, ihazabu, ndetse no gufatira ibicuruzwa. Imisoro n'amahoro yo gutumiza mu mahanga muri Amerika & EU irasaba kugenzura kode hamwe n’abakozi ba gasutamo cyangwa ububiko bw’ibiciro byemewe mbere yo koherezwa. Abatumiza mu mahanga benshi babaza ibikoresho bya komisiyo ishinzwe ubucuruzi muri Amerika ku rubuga rwa interineti HTS cyangwa ububiko bw’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi kugira ngo bemeze kode iheruka n’ibiciro by’imisoro.

Inama:Buri gihe ugenzure kabiri kode ya HS / HTS kuri buri byoherejwe. Abayobozi ba gasutamo bavugurura kode n’ibiciro by’imisoro buri gihe.

Kubara muri Amerika imisoro n'amahoro

Abatumiza mu mahanga bagomba kubara imisoro n'amahoro mbere yuko umusego w'imisego ya silike ugera muri Amerika. Kurinda gasutamo no kurinda imipaka muri Amerika (CBP) ikoresha agaciro ka gasutamo yatangajwe hamwe na kodegisi ya HTS kugirango igabanye igipimo cy'amahoro. Ku musego w umusego wubudodo munsi ya HTS 6302.29.3010, igipimo rusange cyamahoro gikunze kuva kuri 3% kugeza 12%, bitewe nigihugu cyaturutse namasezerano yubucuruzi akurikizwa.

Igitabo cy'Imisoro n'Imisoro yo Kuzana Amashanyarazi ya Silk muri Amerika & EU byerekana akamaro ko gukoresha amakuru yubucuruzi agezweho. Guverinoma ya Amerika ihindura imisoro ishingiye ku gihombo cy’ubucuruzi n’ibipimo byoherezwa mu mahanga, yibasira ibihugu bifite ibicuruzwa bisagutse by’ubucuruzi. Kurugero, Ikigereranyo cy’ibiciro cyiza (AETR) ku bicuruzwa biva mu bihugu by’Uburayi byiyongereye kuva kuri 1,2% bigera kuri 2,5% mu myaka yashize, byerekana impinduka muri politiki y’ubucuruzi. Abatumiza mu mahanga bagomba gukurikirana izi mpinduka kugirango birinde ibiciro bitunguranye.

Imbonerahamwe iri hejuru yerekana uburyo ibiciro bishobora guhinduka ukurikije igihugu nibicuruzwa. Abategetsi ba Amerika barashobora kuvugurura ibiciro kurwego rwa perezida, bityo abatumiza ibicuruzwa bakagombye gukomeza kumenyeshwa amakuru agezweho. Imisoro n’amahoro yo gutumiza muri Amerika & EU irasaba kugisha inama abakora kuri gasutamo cyangwa abavoka mu bucuruzi bwo kohereza ibintu bigoye.

Kubara Inshingano z’ibihugu by’Uburayi na TVA

Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’i Burayi ufata ibihugu byose bigize uyu muryango nk’akarere kamwe ka gasutamo. Abatumiza mu mahanga bagomba gukoresha code ya Nomenclature (CN), ihuza na sisitemu ya HS. Ku musego w umusego wubudodo, kode ya CN mubisanzwe 6302.29.90. Umuryango w'ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi ushyiraho amahoro asanzwe ya gasutamo, akenshi hagati ya 6% na 12%, bitewe n’ibicuruzwa n’igihugu bakomokamo.

Abatumiza mu mahanga bagomba kandi kwishyura umusoro ku nyongeragaciro (TVA) ku giciro rusange cy'ibicuruzwa, harimo kohereza n'ubwishingizi. Igipimo cya TVA kiratandukanye bitewe nigihugu, mubisanzwe kuva kuri 17% kugeza 27%. Igitabo cy'Imisoro n'Imisoro ku Kuzana Amababi ya Silk muri Amerika & EU biragira inama abatumiza mu mahanga kubara imisoro ya gasutamo na TVA mbere yo koherezwa. Ubu buryo burinda gutungurwa kumupaka kandi bufasha kugiciro nyacyo.

Ingamba zo kubara imisoro y’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi zita ku buringanire bw’ubucuruzi no gusonerwa. Amabwiriza yemewe y’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi ashimangira urwego rw’ibicuruzwa no gusuzuma ingaruka z’ubukungu. Ubu buryo buteganya ko ibiciro byitabira ibikorwa byubucuruzi ku isi mu gihe birinda amasoko yimbere. Abatumiza mu mahanga bungukirwa no gukorera mu mucyo, kuko bashobora guteganya ibiciro by'imisoro bafite ibyiringiro byinshi.

Amasezerano yubucuruzi nigiciro cyibanze

Amasezerano yubucuruzi arashobora kugabanya cyane cyangwa gukuraho imisoro yatumijwe mu musego wubudodo. Amerika ikomeza amasezerano yubucuruzi menshi yubuntu (FTAs) ashobora gukurikizwa, bitewe nigihugu akomokamo. Kurugero, ibicuruzwa biva mubihugu bifite FTAs ​​birashobora kwemererwa kugabanyirizwa ibiciro mugihe ibicuruzwa byujuje amategeko yihariye yinkomoko.

Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’i Burayi utanga kandi ibiciro by’imisoro binyuze mu masezerano n’ibihugu byinshi. Abatumiza mu mahanga bagomba gutanga icyemezo cyemewe cy'inkomoko kugirango basabe izo nyungu. Imisoro & Duty Guide yo gutumiza muri pillowcase ya silike muri Amerika & EU irasaba gusuzuma amasezerano aheruka no kwemeza ko ibyangombwa byose byuzuye.

Imbonerahamwe ikurikira irerekana muri make ingingo zingenzi kubatumiza mu mahanga:

Intara	Igipimo gisanzwe cy'imisoro	Umusoro ku nyongeragaciro	Ibiciro byihutirwa	Ibyangombwa bisabwa
US	3% - 12%	N / A.	FTAs, GSP	Kode ya HTS, inyemezabuguzi, icyemezo cyinkomoko
EU	6% - 12%	17% - 27%	FTAs, GSP	CN code, inyemezabuguzi, icyemezo cyinkomoko

Icyitonderwa:Abatumiza mu mahanga bakoresha amasezerano y’ubucuruzi kandi bagakomeza inyandiko zuzuye akenshi bagera ku gipimo gito gishoboka.

Imisoro n'amahoro yo gutumiza muri Amerika & EU ishimangira akamaro ko kuguma hamwe na politiki yubucuruzi. Byombi Amerika n’Ubumwe bw’Uburayi bihindura ibiciro mu rwego rwo guhangana n’ubucuruzi ku isi, nk’uko bigaragazwa n’iyongera rya vuba ry’ibiciro by’ibiciro ku bihugu bimwe na bimwe. Abatumiza mu mahanga bakoresha ibicuruzwa-urwego nibihugu byihariye kubara barashobora guhitamo ibiciro no kwirinda ibibazo byubahirizwa.

Ibyangombwa bisabwa kugirango gasutamo

Inyemezabuguzi yubucuruzi nu rutonde rwo gupakira

Abayobozi ba gasutamo muri Amerika na EU basaba inyemezabuguzi y’ubucuruzi hamwe n’urutonde rwo gupakira kuri buri byoherejwe. Inyemezabuguzi yubucuruzi ikora nkinyandiko yemewe yo gukuraho gasutamo no kubara imisoro. Kubura cyangwa kutibeshya kuriyi nyandiko birashobora gutuma gasutamo ifatwa, ibihano, cyangwa ibicuruzwa byoherejwe. Ibisobanuro nyabyo byibicuruzwa, gukosora kode ya HS, nigihugu gikwiye gifasha gukumira amande no gutinda. Urutonde rwo gupakira rwuzuza inyemezabuguzi rutanga ibisobanuro birambuye, uburemere, ibipimo, hamwe namakuru yo gupakira. Guhuza hagati yizi nyandiko bituma gutunganya gasutamo neza.

• Inyemezabuguzi zuzuye zubucuruzi hamwe nurutonde rwo gupakira byemerera gasutamo kugenzura ibirimo byoherejwe.
• Izi nyandiko zituma habaho kubara neza imisoro n'imisoro.
• Urutonde rwo gupakira ni gihamya yo gukemura amakimbirane ajyanye nibirimo.

Inama:Gukoresha ibikoresho bya digitale nuburyo busanzwe butezimbere ukuri kandi bigabanya amakosa mugutegura inyandiko.

Icyemezo cy'inkomoko n'ibicuruzwa bisobanura

Ibyemezo by'inkomoko bigira uruhare runini mubucuruzi mpuzamahanga. Ingereko z'ubucuruzi, abashinzwe za gasutamo, n'inzego za leta zitanga ibyo byemezo kugira ngo bigaragaze inkomoko y'ibicuruzwa. Ibihugu birenga 190 n'amasezerano y’ubucuruzi arenga 150 yubuntu bisaba ibyemezo byinkomoko kugirango hamenyekane amahoro n’uburenganzira bwo kuvurwa. Ibisobanuro birambuye kubicuruzwa, harimo ibigize n'ibipimo, byongeye gushyigikira kubahiriza no gusuzuma neza inshingano.

• Icyemezo cy'inkomoko kigena igipimo cy'ibiciro n'ingamba z'ubucuruzi.
• Abayobozi bazwi, nk'ingereko z'ubucuruzi, batanga izo mpamyabumenyi hakurikijwe amabwiriza mpuzamahanga.

Izindi nyandiko zingenzi

Kwemeza gasutamo bigenda neza biterwa nurutonde rwuzuye. Usibye inyemezabuguzi n'impamyabumenyi, abatumiza mu mahanga bagomba gutanga fagitire zo kwishyuza, imenyekanisha rya gasutamo, kandi rimwe na rimwe, inyemezabuguzi za forma. Izi nyandiko zitanga ibyemezo byemewe namakuru kubuyobozi bwa gasutamo gusuzuma imirimo, kugenzura ibikubiyemo, no kubahiriza amabwiriza. Kudasobanuka neza cyangwa kubura impapuro birashobora gutera ubukererwe, ihazabu, cyangwa kwanga kohereza.

• Abakora kuri gasutamo bafasha kwemeza neza ibyangombwa.
• Gasutamo yo muri Amerika no kurinda imipaka igenzura inyandiko zose mbere yo gukuraho ibicuruzwa.

Kubahiriza Amabwiriza ya Amerika na EU

Ibirango n'ibipimo by'imyenda

Abatumiza mu mahanga bagomba gukurikiza amahame akomeye hamwe n’imyenda iyo bohereje umusego w’imisego muri silike muri Amerika na EU. Inzego zishinzwe kugenzura ibikorwa nka komisiyo ishinzwe ubucuruzi n’ubucuruzi (FTC) hamwe na gasutamo no kurinda imipaka (CBP) zisaba ibirango bisobanutse neza, byuzuye byerekana fibre ya leta, igihugu akomokamo, n’amabwiriza yo kwita ku bana. CBP ihora ivugurura amakuru yubahirizwa, yerekana kwiyongera kwa 26% mumabwiriza yimyenda kuva 2020. Iyi myumvire yerekana ko hakenewe abatumiza ibicuruzwa hanze hamwe nibisabwa bigenda bihinduka.

Amategeko yo kuranga imyenda aratandukanye kubicuruzwa n'akarere. Kurugero, ubwoya bwa faux mumyenda no kuryama bigomba kuba bifite ibintu byihariye byerekana. Kutubahiriza amategeko bishobora kuvamo amande aremereye, ibicuruzwa byoherejwe, cyangwa ibyangiritse. FTC ishyira mu bikorwa ibihano bigera ku $ 51.744 ku kurenga ku bikorwa by’imyenda, ubwoya, n’ubwoya. Inyandiko ziboneye, zirimo ibyemezo byinkomoko na raporo yo kugenzura ubuziranenge, ishyigikira iyubahirizwa ryimikorere ya gasutamo.

Inama:Abatumiza mu mahanga bakoresha igenzura ryinzobere hamwe nibikoresho byo gucunga inyandiko bigabanya ibyago byamakosa no gutinda.

Umutekano no Kuzana Ibibujijwe

Kubuza umutekano no gutumiza mu mahanga bigira uruhare runini mu kwemerera gasutamo. Ibigo nka CBP, CPSC, na bagenzi babo bo mu muryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi bigenzura ibyoherejwe kugira ngo byubahirize umutekano, umutekano, n’amabwiriza. Kwandika neza hamwe nibyangombwa byuzuye bifasha kwirinda gutinda, ibihano, cyangwa kwamburwa ibicuruzwa.

• CBP igenzura ibirango kugirango ibe yuzuye kandi yuzuye.
• Kutubahiriza amategeko bishobora kugutera kwangwa, gucibwa amande, cyangwa gufatira ibicuruzwa.
• Abatumiza mu mahanga bagomba gukora umwete, bakabona ibyemezo bikenewe, kandi bagashyira mu bikorwa igenzura ryiza.
• Ibirango byateganijwe bikubiyemo igihugu cyaturutse namakuru yumutekano wibicuruzwa.

Abatumiza mu mahanga bashyira imbere kubahiriza umutekano n’ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga bahura n’ubukererwe buke no gutumiza gasutamo yoroshye. Kuvugurura buri gihe hamwe no kugenzura ubuziranenge bifasha gukomeza kubahiriza no kurinda isoko.

Guhitamo umukoresha wa gasutamo cyangwa utwara ibicuruzwa

Igihe cyo Gukoresha Broker cyangwa Imbere

Abatumiza mu mahanga bakunze guhura na gasutamo igoye kandi bisabwa gukurikiza amategeko. Umukoresha wa gasutamo cyangwa utwara ibicuruzwa arashobora koroshya ibyo bibazo. Ibigo byungukirwa nubuhanga bwabo mugucunga inyandiko, kubahiriza, hamwe nibikoresho. Abahuza nabateza imbere bahuza ibicuruzwa, bagabanye umwanya wa kontineri, kandi bagabanye ibihe byo gutambuka. Batanga kandi ubuyobozi mu by'amategeko, bakemeza ko impapuro zose n'impapuro zujuje ubuziranenge bwa gasutamo.

Abatanga ibikoresho basangira amakuru yingirakamaro, harimo intambwe yerekana ibipimo ngenderwaho. Aya makuru afasha abatumiza mu mahanga guhitamo inzira no gutwara abantu. Gusubiramo buri gihe gahunda y'ibikoresho byerekana amahirwe yo kuzigama no gukomeza gutera imbere. Abatwara ibicuruzwa nabo batanga ibisubizo byububiko, bishyigikira gucunga ibarura no kugabanya ihindagurika ryamasoko.

KPI Ibipimo	Ibipimo by'inganda / Urwego rusanzwe	Intego cyangwa Ibikorwa Byagezweho
Igipimo cya gasutamo	95-98%	Hafi ya 95-98%
Igihe cyo Guhindukira	Amasaha 24-48	Intego yo kugabanya munsi yamasaha 24
Igipimo cyo kubahiriza	95-98%	95-98%
Igipimo cyo Guhaza Abakiriya	85-90% ibitekerezo byiza	Hejuru ya 90%

Ibipimo byerekana ko abakora umwuga hamwe nabaterankunga bahora bagera ku ntera yo hejuru yo gutsinda no kugihe cyihuse.

Guhitamo Umufatanyabikorwa Ukwiye

Guhitamo gasutamo ibereye cyangwa uwutwara ibicuruzwa bisaba gusuzuma neza. Abatumiza mu mahanga bagomba gusuzuma ibi bikurikira:

1. Ubuhanga rusange mubimenyesha gasutamo no gutondekanya ibiciro.
2. Uburambe bwinganda hamwe nibicuruzwa bisa nibisabwa n'amategeko.
3. Impushya zikwiye hamwe nubushobozi mu nkiko zibishinzwe.
4. Umubano ukomeye n'abayobozi ba gasutamo.
5. Ingano ihagije yikigo kugirango ikemure ibikenewe nigihe kizaza.
6. Icyemezo cy’ubukungu cyemewe (AEO) icyemezo cyo kubahiriza umutekano.
7. Icyemezo cyagaragaye cyo kubahiriza imyitwarire myiza.
8. Ubumenyi bwihariye kumurongo wibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga.
9. Icyambu gikwiranye n'inzira zohereza ibicuruzwa hanze.
10. Ubushobozi bwo gukoresha ibyuma bya elegitoroniki no gutumanaho.
11. Icyubahiro cyiza cyagenzuwe binyuze muri references.
12. Gucunga konti yihariye ya serivisi yihariye.
13. Sobanura amasezerano yanditse yerekana urugero, amafaranga, nuburyo bukoreshwa.

Inama:Abatumiza mu mahanga bagomba gukurikirana ibimenyetso byo kuburira nko kutitabira cyangwa gutinda no gukemura ibibazo vuba kugira ngo ibicuruzwa bishoboke neza.

Imitego isanzwe nuburyo bwo kubyirinda

Gutandukanya ibinyamitende bya Silk

Kudashyira mu gaciro bikomeje kuba intandaro yo gutinda kwa gasutamo n’ibihano mu musego w’umusego winjiza mu mahanga. Urusobekerane rwama code arenga 4000 HTS akenshi rutera urujijo abinjira. Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe n’ubugenzuzi bwa gasutamo muri Amerika bwerekana ko kubeshya no kubigambiriye bibaho kenshi. Ubugenzuzi bwumubiri bugamije 6-7% byoherejwe, ukoresheje cheque ya mudasobwa kugirango umenye amakosa nkigihugu cyibinyoma-inkomoko cyangwa ibikubiyemo bya fibre bitari byo.

• Imyenda n'imyenda bitumizwa mu mahanga, harimo umusego w’imisego ya silik, bihura neza kubera ibyiciro bigari bya HTS.
• Isesengura mibare ryakozwe na CITA ryerekana ko gahunda ya code idahuye ishobora guhisha itandukaniro ryibicuruzwa, biganisha kuri kwota nabi.
• Ibikorwa byubahirizwa hamwe nicyemezo cyurukiko inyandiko zidahwitse, hamwe nibihano kumasosiyete yanditse nabi ibikoresho kugirango agabanye umusoro.

Abatumiza mu mahanga bagomba kugisha inama Imisoro n'amahoro yo kwinjiza ibicuruzwa bya silike muri Amerika & EU hanyuma bagashaka inama zinzobere kugirango babone ibyiciro neza.

Inyandiko zuzuye cyangwa zitari zo

Inyandiko zuzuye cyangwa zitari zo zirashobora guhagarika ibicuruzwa kumupaka. Ubugenzuzi bwerekana ko kutuzuza ari ikosa rikunze kugaragara, hagakurikiraho kutamenya neza no kudahuza.

Ubwoko bw'ikosa	Umubare w'ingingo zerekana amakosa
Kutuzuza	47
Ukutibeshya	14
Kudahuza	8
Ntibyemewe	7
Inyandiko zidashyizweho umukono	4
Irrelevancy	2

Igenzura ryinyandiko akenshi usanga inyandiko zabuze nimpapuro zidasinywe. Aya makosa arashobora gutera imyenda yemewe namategeko, ibihano bigengwa, hamwe nakazi keza. Abatumiza mu mahanga bagomba gukoresha ibikoresho bya digitale hamwe nibishusho bisanzwe kugirango bagabanye izo ngaruka.

Kwirengagiza Amabwiriza Yibanze

Kwirengagiza amabwiriza y’ibanze birashobora kuvamo imyenda yemewe, ihazabu, no gutinda kohereza. Inzego zishinzwe kugenzura ibikorwa nka FDA, FTC, na PCI SSC zubahiriza ibipimo ngenderwaho bigira ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye kuri gasutamo.

• Kutubahiriza amategeko bihagarika akazi kandi byangiza abakiriya.
• Impamyabumenyi nka HITRUST na PCI yerekana amasoko yubahirizwa, aringirakamaro mubikorwa byoroshye.
• Abashinzwe kubahiriza amategeko na politiki isobanutse bifasha ibigo kwirinda ibihano no kwangirika kwizina.

Abatumiza mu mahanga bakomeza kuvugururwa ku mategeko y’ibanze kandi bagakomeza gahunda zubahirizwa bahura n’ibibazo bike byo gukuraho no kurinda izina ry’ubucuruzi.

Kugenzura urutonde rwa gasutamo yoroshye

Urutonde rwateguwe neza rufasha abatumiza ibicuruzwa kwirinda gutinda nigiciro gitunguranye mugihe wohereza umusego wubudodo. Intambwe zikurikira ziyobora ibigo binyuze mubikorwa byingenzi byo gutumiza gasutamo neza muri Amerika na EU:

• Kugenzura Ibicuruzwa
  Emeza neza code ya HS / HTS cyangwa CN ya kode yimisego mbere yo koherezwa. Gutondekanya neza birinda kubara nabi inshingano.

• Tegura Inyandiko Yuzuye
  Kusanya inyemezabuguzi z'ubucuruzi, urutonde rwo gupakira, hamwe n'impamyabushobozi. Menya neza ko inyandiko zose zihuye nibisobanuro byoherejwe.

• Iyandikishe mubuyobozi
  Kubona numero ya EORI kubitumizwa muri EU. Muri Amerika, wemeze kwiyandikisha muri gasutamo no kurinda imipaka niba bikenewe.

• Reba Ikirango no kubahiriza
  Ongera usuzume ibirango by'imyenda kubirimo fibre, igihugu ukomokamo, hamwe nubuyobozi bwitaweho. Kuzuza ibipimo byose byumutekano nubuyobozi.

• Kubara Imisoro n'Imisoro
  Koresha ububiko bwibiciro byemewe kugirango ugereranye imisoro ya gasutamo na TVA. Shira ibiciro muri gahunda yo kugena ibiciro no gutanga ibikoresho.

• Shira umukoresha wa gasutamo cyangwa utere imbere
  Hitamo umufatanyabikorwa wujuje ubunararibonye mubitumizwa hanze. Abakora umwuga bafasha gucunga impapuro no kubahiriza.

• Kurikirana ivugurura rigenga amabwiriza
  Komeza umenyeshe impinduka mumategeko ya gasutamo, amahoro, namasezerano yubucuruzi.

Intambwe	Icyifuzo cya Amerika	Icyifuzo cya EU
Gutondekanya ibicuruzwa	☑	☑
Inyandiko	☑	☑
Kwiyandikisha	☑	☑
Kwandika no kubahiriza	☑	☑
Inshingano & Imisoro	☑	☑
Broker / Imbere	☑	☑
Gukurikirana Amabwiriza	☑	☑

Inama:Ibigo bikoresha ibikoresho bya digitale mugucunga inyandiko no gukurikirana ibyubahirizwa akenshi bigera kuri gasutamo byihuse namakosa make.

---

Abatumiza mu mahanga bagera ku musego w’ubudodo udafite ikibazo cyo kugenzura ibicuruzwa, gutegura inyandiko zuzuye, no kwemeza ko byubahirizwa. Gusubiramo buri gihe ivugururwa rya gasutamo birinda amakosa ahenze.

Inama:Kugumana umwete hamwe ninyandiko hamwe nimpinduka zubuyobozi zifasha ibigo kwirinda gutinda, ibihano, hamwe nuburyo butunguranye.

Ibibazo

Nibihe bisanzwe bya gasutamo yo gukuraho umusego wubudodo?

Ibicuruzwa byinshi bisiba gasutamo mugihe cyamasaha 24 kugeza 48 niba ibyangombwa byose byuzuye kandi byuzuye. Gutinda birashobora kubaho mugihe abayobozi bakeneye ubugenzuzi bwinyongera.

Ese umusego w umusego wubudodo ukeneye ibirango byihariye kubitumizwa muri Amerika cyangwa EU?

Yego. Ibirango bigomba kwerekana fibre, igihugu cyaturutse, hamwe nubuyobozi bwitaweho. Abategetsi ba Leta zunze ubumwe za Amerika n’Ubumwe bw’Uburayi bashyira mu bikorwa amahame akomeye yerekana ibimenyetso.

Umukoresha wa gasutamo arashobora gufasha kugabanya ubukererwe?

Umukoresha wa gasutamo yujuje ibyangombwa acunga impapuro, yemeza ko yubahirizwa, kandi avugana nabayobozi. Iyi nkunga akenshi iganisha kumurongo wihuse namakosa make.